From Alzheimer’s to Zebrafish: Eclectic Science and Regulatory Stories 94
12. Bullen CL, Willis AT. Resistance of the breast-fed infant to gastroenteritis. BMJ. 1971 3:338-343.
13. Op cit 11.
14. Berkowitz RJ, Turner J, Green P. Maternal salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans and primary oral infection of
infants. Arch Oral Biol. 1981 26:147-149.
15. Op cit 8.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. Backhed F, Ley RE, Sonnenburg JL, et al. Host-bacterial mutualism in the human intestine. Science.
2005 307:1915-1920.
19. Leyden JJ, McGinley KJ, Nordstrom KM, Webster GF. Skin microflora. J Invest Dermatol. 1987 88(suppl
3):65s-72s.
20. Op cit 18.
21. Ibid.
22. Introduction to the archaea. University of California Museum of Paleontology. www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/
archaea/archaea.html. Accessed September 2, 2009.
23. Whitman WB, Coleman DC, Wiebe WJ. Prokaryotes: the unseen majority. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.
1998 95:6578-6583.
24. Ibid.
25. Op cit 18.
26. Gordon JI, Ley RE, Wilson R, et al. Extending our view of self: the human gut microbiome initiative. Center for
Genome Sciences. www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/Sequencing/SeqProposals/HGMISeq.pdf. Accessed
September 2, 2009.
27. Ilya Mechnikov. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1908. Biography. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_
prizes/medicine/laureates/1908/mechnikov-bio.html. Accessed September 2, 2009.
28. Ibid.
29. Fiocchi C. One commensal bacterial molecule—all we need for health? N Eng J Med. 2005 353:2078-2080.
30. Ibid.
31. Velicer CM, Heckbert SR, Lampe JW, et al. Antibiotic use in relation to the risk of breast cancer. JAMA.
2004 291:827-835.
32. Velicer CM, Lampe JW, Heckbert SR, et al. Hypothesis: is antibiotic use associated with breast cancer? Cancer
Causes Control. 2003 14:739-747.
33. Reed MJ, Purohit A. Aromatase regulation and breast cancer. Clin Endocrinol. 2001 54:563-571.
34. Madara J. Building an intestine—architectural contributions of commensal bacteria. N Eng J Med.
2004 351:1685-1686.
35. Op cit 5.
36. Ibid.
37. Szajewska H, Mrukowicz JZ. Probiotics in the treatment and prevention of acute infectious diarrhea in infants
and children: a systematic review of published, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trials. J Pediatr
Gastroenterol Nutr. 2001 33(suppl 2):S17-S25.
38. Kalliomaki M, Salminen S, Arvilommi H, et al. Probiotics in primary prevention of atopic disease: a random-
ized placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2001 357:1076-1079.
39. Rohde CL, Bartolini V, Jones N. The use of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated
diarrhea with special interest in Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. Nutr Clin Pract. 2009 24:33-40.
40. Mindell DP. Evolution in the everyday world. Sci Am. 2009 300:82-89.
41. Sherman PM, Ossa JC, Johnson-Henry K. Unraveling mechanisms of action of probiotics. Nutr Clin Pract.
2009 24:10-14.
42. Berger A. Science commentary: probiotics. BMJ. 2002 324:1364.
43. Op cit 4.
44. Ibid.
Reprinted with permission from US Pharmacist, October 2009, US Pharm 2009 34(12):42-44. Copyright © 2009 Jobson
Medical Information LLC.
12. Bullen CL, Willis AT. Resistance of the breast-fed infant to gastroenteritis. BMJ. 1971 3:338-343.
13. Op cit 11.
14. Berkowitz RJ, Turner J, Green P. Maternal salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans and primary oral infection of
infants. Arch Oral Biol. 1981 26:147-149.
15. Op cit 8.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. Backhed F, Ley RE, Sonnenburg JL, et al. Host-bacterial mutualism in the human intestine. Science.
2005 307:1915-1920.
19. Leyden JJ, McGinley KJ, Nordstrom KM, Webster GF. Skin microflora. J Invest Dermatol. 1987 88(suppl
3):65s-72s.
20. Op cit 18.
21. Ibid.
22. Introduction to the archaea. University of California Museum of Paleontology. www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/
archaea/archaea.html. Accessed September 2, 2009.
23. Whitman WB, Coleman DC, Wiebe WJ. Prokaryotes: the unseen majority. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.
1998 95:6578-6583.
24. Ibid.
25. Op cit 18.
26. Gordon JI, Ley RE, Wilson R, et al. Extending our view of self: the human gut microbiome initiative. Center for
Genome Sciences. www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/Sequencing/SeqProposals/HGMISeq.pdf. Accessed
September 2, 2009.
27. Ilya Mechnikov. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1908. Biography. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_
prizes/medicine/laureates/1908/mechnikov-bio.html. Accessed September 2, 2009.
28. Ibid.
29. Fiocchi C. One commensal bacterial molecule—all we need for health? N Eng J Med. 2005 353:2078-2080.
30. Ibid.
31. Velicer CM, Heckbert SR, Lampe JW, et al. Antibiotic use in relation to the risk of breast cancer. JAMA.
2004 291:827-835.
32. Velicer CM, Lampe JW, Heckbert SR, et al. Hypothesis: is antibiotic use associated with breast cancer? Cancer
Causes Control. 2003 14:739-747.
33. Reed MJ, Purohit A. Aromatase regulation and breast cancer. Clin Endocrinol. 2001 54:563-571.
34. Madara J. Building an intestine—architectural contributions of commensal bacteria. N Eng J Med.
2004 351:1685-1686.
35. Op cit 5.
36. Ibid.
37. Szajewska H, Mrukowicz JZ. Probiotics in the treatment and prevention of acute infectious diarrhea in infants
and children: a systematic review of published, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trials. J Pediatr
Gastroenterol Nutr. 2001 33(suppl 2):S17-S25.
38. Kalliomaki M, Salminen S, Arvilommi H, et al. Probiotics in primary prevention of atopic disease: a random-
ized placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2001 357:1076-1079.
39. Rohde CL, Bartolini V, Jones N. The use of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated
diarrhea with special interest in Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. Nutr Clin Pract. 2009 24:33-40.
40. Mindell DP. Evolution in the everyday world. Sci Am. 2009 300:82-89.
41. Sherman PM, Ossa JC, Johnson-Henry K. Unraveling mechanisms of action of probiotics. Nutr Clin Pract.
2009 24:10-14.
42. Berger A. Science commentary: probiotics. BMJ. 2002 324:1364.
43. Op cit 4.
44. Ibid.
Reprinted with permission from US Pharmacist, October 2009, US Pharm 2009 34(12):42-44. Copyright © 2009 Jobson
Medical Information LLC.